Germany today said it has 'unequivocal proof' Russian dissident Alexei Navalny was poisoned with the nerve agent Novichok. Tests...
Germany today said it has 'unequivocal proof' Russian dissident Alexei Navalny was poisoned with the nerve agent Novichok.
Tests carried out at a military laboratory found evidence of the Soviet-era chemical weapon used to attack Sergei Skripal in Salisbury in 2018.
Navalny, 44, remains in a coma in a Berlin hospital nearly two weeks after collapsing on a plane in Siberia, which made an emergency landing when he suddenly fell ill.
Germany condemned the 'alarming' poison plot and demanded an urgent explanation from Moscow, which has denied any involvement in the anti-Putin campaigner's illness.
'With this, it is certain that Alexei Navalny is the victim of a crime,' chancellor Angela Merkel said. 'He was meant to be silenced and I condemn this in the strongest possible manner.'
'There are very serious questions now that only the Russian government can answer, and must answer,' Merkel said, describing what happened to Navalny as 'the attempted murder by poisoning of one of Russia's leading opposition figures.'
Governments across the west condemned the poisoning, including UK foreign secretary Dominic Raab who urged Moscow to 'tell the truth' about the poisoning of Alexei Navalny, saying it is 'absolutely unacceptable' that Navalny was poisoned by the same nerve agent deployed in Salisbury.
While Berlin stopped short of accusing Russia directly, Navalny's aide Ivan Zhdanov said Novichok 'can only be used by the state' - suggesting that the GRU or FSB intelligence agencies were responsible.
Navalny being taken to an ambulance in Omsk (left) after falling ill on a plane following a trip to an airport cafe (right) where his friends suspect he could have been poisoned
'With this, it is certain that Alexei Navalny is the victim of a crime,' Chancellor Angela Merkel said. 'He was meant to be silenced and I condemn this in the strongest possible manner.'
Russian opposition leader Alexei Navalny - pictured, centre, shortly before he fell ill on August 20 - is in a coma at a German hospital after allegedly being poisoned
Forensic police officers wearing hazmat suits examine evidence in Salisbury days after the assassination attempt against Sergei Skripal in March 2018
Germany says it will inform its partners in the EU and Nato about the test results and consult with them 'on an appropriate joint response'.
Russia's ambassador in Berlin will also be called in to hear about the results - after the Kremlin played down preliminary findings that Navalny was poisoned.
Friends of Navalny have suggested his tea was spiked in an airport cafe in Tomsk where he was pictured shortly before boarding the flight.
A former Soviet scientist separately suggested that assassins could have broken into Navalny's hotel room and sprinkled poison on his clothes.
After Navalny fell ill, the aircraft made an emergency landing in Omsk and he was initially taken to hospital in the Siberian city.
The following weekend he was airlifted to Berlin, where doctors at the Charite hospital have been treating him with the antidote atropine and keeping him in a medically induced coma.
The hospital said in an initial statement last week that clinical tests 'indicate poisoning with a substance from the group of cholinesterase inhibitors', which are used in medicines and insecticides but also in nerve agents.
Putin's spokesman Dmitry Peskov said last week that allegations of Kremlin involvement 'absolutely cannot be true and are rather an empty noise'.
Peskov accused the German medics of 'rushing' to use the word poisoning, saying: 'For the moment, all you and I see is that the patient is in a coma.'
'We don't understand why our German colleagues are in such a hurry. The substance hasn't yet been established,' he told reporters.
But Germany's announcement said toxicological tests at an army laboratory had found 'unequivocal evidence' of a nerve agent in the 'Novichok family'.
The military specialists were called in at the request of Charite hospital medics, government spokesman Steffen Seibert said.
Angela Merkel and her top ministers discussed the findings this afternoon and the government says it 'condemns this attack in the strongest terms'.
Germany will also contact the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons, he added.
Prime Minister Boris Johnson said: 'We have seen first-hand the deadly consequences of Novichok in the UK.
'The Russian government must now explain what happened to Mr Navalny - we will work with international partners to ensure justice is done.'
Mr Johnson was supported by his predecessor Theresa May, who was prime minister at the time of the Wiltshire attack and called the use of chemical weapons 'illegal and barbaric'.
She said: 'Deeply alarming that Novichok has again been used in an attempt to silence critics of the Russian state.
'The international community must ensure that those who undermine our rules-based system cannot act with impunity.'
Lithuania's foreign minister Linas Linkevicius went further and directly pointed the finger at the Russian government.
'You can't buy this drug in store. Russian authorities stand behind this. Those responsible for such a cynical crime must face consequences,' he said.
Ivan Zhdanov, the head of Navalny's Anti-Corruption Foundation, said that Novichok 'can only be used by the state (FSB, GRU)...this is beyond any reasonable doubt'.
Another Navalny ally, Leonid Volkov, said: 'To poison Navalny with Novichok in 2020 would be exactly the same as leaving an autograph at a crime scene, like this one,' attaching a picture of Putin's name and a signature.
Navalny's wife Yulia, who has visited him every day in hospital without making any public comment, has also been informed of the test results.
The alleged assassins were filmed on CCTV walking through Salisbury in March 2018
Navalny's allies have pointed the finger at Russian president Vladimir Putin (pictured) after the opposition leader fell ill, but the Kremlin has dismissed the claims
Russian double agent Sergei Skripal (right) and his daughter Yulia were taken ill in Salisbury in March 2018, causing a political storm when their identities were revealed
Earlier, Vladimir Uglev, a former Soviet scientist who helped invent Novichok, said assassins could have sprinkled a deadly toxin on Navalny's socks or underwear.
Uglev, 73, said Russian secret service operatives could have broken into Navalny's hotel in Tomsk to leave a minuscule drop of poison in his luggage.
He said a dose of toxin less than one-thirtieth the size of a drop of water might have been enough to poison Navalny.
'They put this substance on his underwear, his underpants, socks, or his undershirt, and that was it,' said the retired scientist.
'In the morning Alexei woke up, showered, got dressed and went to the airport.
'And since the substance acts slower via the skin than say through the digestive system, time passed [before it had an impact].'
Uglev 'categorically' denied that Novichok was used to hit Navalny, saying that more people would have suffered poisoning if it had been.
Uglev has previously spoken of his role in creating Novichok, the nerve agent used to poison Sergei and Yulia Skripal in Salisbury.
The former double agent and his daughter were found slumped on a park bench in March 2018, causing a sensation when their identities were revealed.
Russia denied involvement but the poison plot sent Britain's relations with Moscow to their lowest point since the end of the Cold War.
British police eventually named two suspects, who were later identified by the investigative website Bellingcat as members of Russia's GRU intelligence service.
Both Skripals survived and their current whereabouts are unknown, but a British woman, Dawn Sturgess, later died after accidentally handling the discarded nerve agent in a perfume bottle.
Detective Sergeant Nick Bailey, of Wiltshire Police, was also exposed to the substance while responding to the 2018 attack and almost died.
Sharing the PM's tweet on Wednesday, he added: 'I have so much that I want to say about this tweet. But I can't, and I won't.'
Western weapons experts say Novichok, which was developed by the USSR at the end of the Cold War, was only ever manufactured in Russia.
Navalny arrives at Berlin's Tegel Airport last Saturday after he was airlifted from Russia. He remains in a medically induced coma at the German hospital
Alexei Navalny, pictured with his wife Yulia, has been a thorn in the Kremlin's side for years
Emergency vehicles outside the Charite hospital in Berlin where Alexei Navalny is being treated and remains in a coma
The most recent update from the Berlin hospital said that while Navalny's condition remains serious, 'there is no immediate danger to his life'.
'However, due to the severity of the patient's poisoning, it remains too early to gauge potential long-term effects,' the statement said.
German medics have also asked for assistance from authorities in the UK and Bulgaria, who both have experience of previous poisonings.
Russian foreign minister Sergei Lavrov yesterday rejected claims that Russia was failing to investigate how Navalny fell into a coma.
'We are being accused of not investigating this situation. This is not true,' he said.
'Starting the very day this happened, our Interior Ministry initiated pre-investigative inspections.'
A full probe would begin once it is determined what happened, he said, while adding that German medics were also uncertain how Navalny became sick.
Meanwhile, Russian prosecutors have asked Germany to provide Navalny's biomaterial for investigations.
Navalny has been a thorn in the Kremlin's side for more than a decade, exposing what he says is high-level corruption and mobilising protests.
He has been repeatedly detained for organising public meetings, sued over corruption investigations and barred from running in the 2018 presidential election.
The 44-year-old has also served several stints in jail in recent years for organising anti-Kremlin protests.
The European Court of Human Rights has ruled that Russia's arrests and detention of Navalny in 2012 and 2014 were politically motivated.
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